Burner for the thorough combustion of liquid fuel



Dec. 4, 1923. 1,476,136

E. BECKER BURNER FR THE THOROUGH COMBUSTION OF LIQUID FUEL Filed March.1o *1921 LAWN@ dat Patented ee. d, 1923.

STATE-s ERICH BECKER, OF BAD SOODEN, GERMANY.

BURNER FOR THE THOROUGH-COMBUSTION 011 LIQUID FUEL.

Application filed March 10, 1921. Serial No. 451,360.

To all '107mm yit may concern:

lle 1t known that I, Enron BECKER, a citiY zen of the German Republic,residmg at Bad Soodeu. Germany, have invented certain new of the oil iseffected prior to the combustion and separate from the combustion.- lthas already been proposed for burners of this type to use for thegasification the heat which radiates from the combustion chamber.

The flame produced in the gasifying' chamber represents an oil-gas flameupon which the technical principles are applicable which are applicablefor the. combustion of gases. A special condition for the completecombustion in such burners is to ensure a thorough admixtion of the airwith the oil gas with the least possible excess of air.

This invention solves this problem in a manner which will be 'explainedhereinafter with reference to the drawings by giving to a flame, formedof oil gas and previously heated air, a downward direction and to admitmore air for combustion to this downwardly .directed flame. By thedownward direction of the flame a thorough admixing of gas and air isensured asthe specifically lighter gases, in opposition to their naturaltendency7 to ascend in the specifically heavier air. are caught by. thisair and conducted downward into the combustion chamber under formationof eddics, whereby a slightly checked. waving flame is produced. Theformation of a pointed flame is avoided according to this invention incontradis tinction tothe atomizer burners. further advantage is that,owing to the gradual preliminary treating of the subdivided current ofair for combustion such a generation of heat is ensured which couldnever be obtained hitherto, this being very favorable for many purposes,specially for metallurgiccarbonicand cement-ovens.

A. form of construction of a device which is specially characteristicfor the application of the invention is shown by way of example on theaccompanying drawing, wherein Fig. 1 shows in longitudinal section anoilburner adapted to be used for various heating purposes.

Referring to the drawing the liquid fuel. is supplied through the supplypipes lft'roln a reservoir, not shown, into a gasifying gutter 2 ofangular cross section which is strongly heated b v the heat radiatingfrom the combustion chamber 3.

This profile gutter 2'is shown in the drawingV as an annular body; itcould however be of any other shape. Over said gutter 2 a vaulted cover4 is arranged so that between the upper edge of the inner end of thegutter 2 and said cover a small passage 5 is formed. The cover 4 has acentral opening 6 closed by a disk 7 whichcarries at the center adownwardly extending tube 8 and which has further apertures 9 arranged1n a circle; said apertures 9 are adapted fo be closed by coneshapedobturators 10 which are preferably fixed upon the lower surface of adisk 11 which is adapted to be raised and lowered by means of a nut 12screwed upon the upper end of a spindle 13 to which said disk 11 isfixed. The upper end of the tube 8 is open and the lower closed end 14of the same is perforated. .Under the gasifying gutter 2 ai' conicalbaflling ring 18 is arranged.

The combustion chamber 3 and the escape flue 19 for the hot products ofcombustion arranged below the combustion chamber 3 are enclosed by anouter wall 16 between which and the outer surface of chamber Il anannular space 17is formed into which the fresh air enters at 15.

The combustion takes place in this apparatus in the following 4mannerThe oil supplied by thepipes 1 into the gutter 2 is gasified by the heatwhich radiates from the combustion chamber The oil gases flow throughthe gap 5 between the vaulted cover 4 and the `inner edge of the gutterinto the combustion chamber 3, in mixing with the air which has beenheated in the annular space 17. lThe downwardly directed flame is heldtogether by the baf-v fling ring 18 and further owing to the fact that asudden enlargement of volume of the air for combustion is admittedthrough the perforated end 14 of tube 8, thisair having vbeen heated toa higher degree of temperature than the air which has come from the.annular space 17 as the tube 8 projects far down into the combustionchamber and'bein situated in the center of the flame.

combustion chamber made of refractory material, supply pipes-foi' the`liquid fuel above said combustion chamber, a circular gutter-shapedgasitier between said combustion chamber and said supply pipes, and acircular vaulted cover of said gasifying gutter united with the outeredge of said gasifying gutter and designed to conduct along the innersurface of its inner part the gases generated in said gasifying gutterand along the outer vsurface of its inner part the primary air forcombustion, both the gases and the air in downward direction inclinedtowards'the centre of the combustion chainber so that the flame formedby the ignited gases is forced by the inflowing primary air to adopt adownward direction.

, 2. An apparatus for the combustion of liquid fuels .comprising incombination a combustion chamber made of refractory material, supplypipes for the liquid fuel above said combustion chamber, a circulargutter-shaped gasifier between said combustion chamber and said supplypipes, a circular vaulted cover of said gasifying gutter theinner end ofwhich extends downward over and at a short distance from theinner edgeof said gutter so that a small passage for the fuel-gases is formedthrough which said fuel gases flow down into the combustion chamber, aperforated plate inthe central opening of said vaulted cover, conicalbodies 'for obturating the perforations of said plate, a disk upon thelower surface of which said conical obturating bodies are fixed, andmeans for adjusting the position of said disk in vertical direction.

3. An a paratus for the combustion of liquid fueljs comprising incombination a combustion chamber made of .refractory material, supplypipes for the liquid fuel above said combustion chamber, a circulargutter-'shaped gasifier between said combustion chamber and said supplypipes, a circular vaulted coverof said gasifying gutter thel inner endof which extends downward over and at a short distance from the inneredge of said gutter so that a small passage for the fuel gases is formedthrough which said fuel if i ses fiow down into, the combustion chamer,a perforated plate in the central opening of said vaulted cover, a tubeopen at the'top extending. downward from l the centre ofsaid perforatedplate into said combustion chamber having holes for the admission ofpreliminarily heated 'secondary air to the flame, conical bodies forobturating the perforations of said plate, a disk upon the lower surfaceof which said conical obturating bodies are fixed, and means foradjusting the position of said 'disk iii vertical direction.

Ll. An apparatus for the combustion of liquid fuels comprising incombination a combustion chamber made of refractory niaterial, supplypipes for the liquid fuel above said combustion chamber, a circularvguttershapod gasifier between saidy coinbustioir chamber and saidsupply pipes, a circular vaulted cover of said gasit'ying gutter the'inner end of which extends downward over and at a short distance fromthe inner edge of said gutter so that a small'passag@y for thi` fuelgases is formed through which said fuel gases flow down into thecombustion chainbei', a perforated plate in the central openinglgasifying gutter placed over the apparatus an annular space beingformed between said hood and the outer surfaceof the combustion chambersaid space being designed for thepreliminary heating of the air whichflows in through the lower end of said annular space.

5. An apparatus for the combustion of liquid fuels comprising incombination a combustion chambermade of refractory material, supplypipes for the liquid fuel above said combustion chamber, a circulargutter-shaped gasifier between said combustion chamber und said supplypipes, a circular vaulted cover of said gasifying glitter the inner endof which extends downward over and at a short distance from the inneredge of `said gutter so that a small passage for the fuel gases isformed through which said fuel gases fiow down into the combustionchamber, a perforated plate in the cenjusting the position of said diskin vertical direction, and a hood of larger' diameter than said gasfyinggutter placed over the .apparatus an annular space being formed betweensaid hood and the outer surface of the combustion chamber said Spacebeing designed for the preliminary heating of the 'air which flows 4inthrough the lower end of said annular space, and a conical baffling ringof shorter diameter than said gasifying gutter arranged under saidgutter and designed .for directing the flames towards the centre of thecombustion chamber. y

6.- An apparatus for the combustion of liquid fuels, comprising acombustion charnber of refractory material, a gutter shaped gasifierhaving a central opening, a vaulted cover for the gasifying gutterconforming to the conguration of the same and united to the outer edgethereof andv .arranged to con.

duct along the inner surface of its inner portion the gases generated inthe said gasifying gutter and along the outer surface of Aits innerportion, the primary air for combustion, both the gasesv and the airbeing directed downwardly towards the center of the combustion chamber,means for supplying the gasifying gutter `with fuel and a hood arranged,over the gasif ing gutter and the combustion chamber an arranged to forma passage for the inlet of air. V

7 An apparatus for the combustion of liquid fuels, comprising a guttershaped gasiier having a central opening, a vaulted cover for the saidgasifying gutter conforming` to the conliguration of the same and unitedwith the outer edge thereof and having a downwardly extending innerportion spaced from the inner edge of the said gutf ter, the said gutterbeing arranged to conduct along the inner surface of its inner portionthe gases generated 1n the said gutter' and along the outer surface of.its inner portion theprimary air for combustion, both the gases and airbeing directed downwardly ,and inwardly towards the center of thecombustion chamber so that the flame, formed by the igniting gases, isforced in a downward l direction.

l In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

ERICH BECKER. I

Witnesses:

FERD. RUTHGER, H. DEIBEL.

